When you take a look at the hamstring muscles it easy see that muscles work on all 3 planes motion. The three planes of motion are sagital (forward/backward), frontal (side to side), and transverse (rotational). You can clearly see how the hamstring raps around the leg inserting into the tibia and fibula. The hamstrings are not just muscles that work to flex the knee in the sagital plane, as most individuals believe (including trainers, PTs, and strength coaches). Instead, they work to control the lower half of the body during movements in all three planes of motion. They play a huge role in decelerating the body when moving and changing direction – which takes place in all planes of motion. Also, the hamstrings work to help assist the glutes during hip extension.
Training strategies for the hamstring:
Let’s start with this, the hamstring curl machine does very little to improve functional movements – such as in sports. It’s great if you’re trying to make the muscle larger or isolate the hamstring to make it stronger. The hamstring curl is designed so that an individual lays on a machine while flexing their leg. In function (sport), the hamstring does not concentrically flex the knee. Also, I have never seen a sport where you lay on your stomach and flex your knee. Basically the leg curl machine is a bad choice for improving functional hamstring strength.
Now let’s talk about what the hamstring does do in function. The knee will bend if you let it because gravity is pulling you down to the ground. The hamstring muscles are not responsible for concentrically bending your knee to lower yourself into a squat. Therefore, it makes sense that the hamstring helps decelerate the body during squatting and lunging movements. So I just named two great exercises to target the hamstrings – squats and lunges both of which are extremely functional. Also, the hamstrings help assist with hip extension – hip extension takes place during squatting and lunging movements. To make the exercises more functional it would also make sense to do squatting and lunging motions in the frontal and transverse plane.
Train Hard-Train Smart
www.asap-pt.com